| complex adaptive systems | Systems with simple components that interact in relatively
simple ways to produce large-scale dynamics with rich, complex structures.
|
| complex additive systems | Systems that are usually engineered to work efficiently by linking several
systems together to form systems if systems. |
| complex systems | Systems consisting of interacting dynamic components. These systems are
usually nonlinear and can be modeled using mathematical equations and techniques. |
| control theory | A mathematical and engineering theory that looks at how dynamic systems
behave over a period of time. |
| Critical Infrastructure Systems | Systems that are crucial to the functionality of the nation’s society
and economy. An example would be electric power grids. |
| currency market | A market where one currency is traded for another. Also referred to as
the foreign exchange market. |
| dynamical systems | Systems that contain components that change with time. |
| hybrid dynamical systems | Systems with interacting continuous and discrete dynamics. |
| key enabling technologies | Technologies developed at ICASA that are a designed for non-experts to
use. These technologies are yielded based on research conducted at ICASA.
|
| malware | Malicious software developed for intentionally harming a computer system.
|
| mitigation | Actions and programs created to reduce the effects of malicious attacks
on complex systems. |
| modeling | A technique used to simulate scenarios resulting in insight to how the
scenario’s components will act under certain conditions. |
| predictability | The quality of being able to correctly predict a system’s state. |
| simulation | A technique used to create a model of a scenario that yields results similar
to what would occur in real-life |
| Systems theory | A theory that views the world in “systems” and finds different
types of organization for these systems. This organization is believed
to have a hierarchy sub-systems. |
| vulnerability | Weaknesses in a system’s security, which allows malicious activities to easily, take place within the system. Vulnerabilities usually result from a system’s flaws, bugs, and/.or design errors. |